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Red Hat® Linux 6 Unleashed
Chapter 19: Red Hat Graphical Administration Tools Previous
Sections in this Chapter: Organization of the Red Hat Filesystem Using Red Hat's setup Command The Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) Using the linuxconf Command Red Hat Tools Previous SectionNext Section Red Hat Tools Using the control-panel Client Configuring Your Printers with the Printtool Client Configuring Apache with the Comanche Tool Configuring Network Devices with the netcfg Tool Configuring Fetchmail with the fetchmailconf Tool Getting Help with the helptool Client Configuring Linux Runlevels with the tksysv Tool Configuring Your Linux Kernel with the kernelcfg Tool
Creating /dev/modem with the modemtool Client Red Hat Linux is one of the best Linux distributions because of the wealth of specialized administrative tools included in each release. Table 19.1 lists a number of these Red Hat tools. The table includes the name, if the tool requires X11 or is available in Red Hat's control-panel client, and a short description. Note - Veteran Red Hat Linux users should note that the former Red Hat filesystem tool, fstool, and Red Hat Linux 5.0's cabaret filesystem tool are no longer supported or distributed. The newer Linux configuration tool, linuxconf (discussed later in "Using the linuxconf Command"), replaces these programs. TABLE 19.1 Red Hat Linux Software Tools Name Requires X11 ControlPanel Description Xconfigurator
Configure the X Window System chkconfig (non-gui)
View status of services and runlevels authconfig
Configure Network Information Service, shadow passwords, and password encryption comanche X
Configure Apache Web server fetchmailconf X
Configure email retrieval helptool X X Search manual pages kbdconfig
Configure your keyboard kernelcfg X X Load, unload kernel modules linuxconf X X Total configuration tool for Red Hat Linux modemtool X X Create /dev/modem symbolic link mouseconfig
Configure your mouse netcfg X X Install, configure, administer network interfaces ntsysv
Configure system services printtool X X Install, configure printers setup
Dialog box for ntsysv, X, kbd, mouse, snd, and time config tools sndconfig
X Configure your sound card timeconfig
Set your time zone timetool X X Set system date, time tksysv X X Configure system services These tools represent the future of Red Hat Linux system administration: point-and-click convenience. Many of these programs feature built-in help, and all aim to make the care and feeding of your Linux system easier. Using the control-panel Client The control-panel tool is a graphical interface that hosts a number of Red Hat tools (see Figure 19.5 and Table 19.1). You must be the root operator to use control-panel programs, and the control panel can only be used during X11 sessions. The control-panel client can be started (as a background process with '&') from the command line of an X11 terminal window like this: # control-panel & FIGURE 19.5 The X11 control-panel client is a graphical interface to Red Hat Linux tools. You can use the control-panel client as a vertical or horizontal toolbar by selecting File, Change Orientation. Although the client initially sports a line of square buttons, you can find out what they do by moving your X11 pointer over each button; you'll see a pop-up text string. The next sections briefly describe each control-panel tool. Configuring Apache with the Comanche Tool The Comanche tool, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the comanche command, is a graphical interface to configuring the Apache Web server. If you type the command comanche on the command line, its main dialog box appears and displays the status of the httpd server. You can then click icons in the main dialog box, and by right-clicking the Default WebSite icon, configure properties of the server as shown in Figure 19.6. FIGURE 19.6 The Comanche tool is a graphical interface to configuring the Apache Web server for Linux. Configuring Fetchmail with the fetchmailconf Tool The fetchmailconf tool, available from the command line of an X terminal window as the fetchmailconf command, is a graphical interface to configuring Eric S. Raymond's fetchmail command. If you type the command fetchmailconf on the command line, its main dialog box appears. To configure fetchmail, click the Configure Fetchmail button, and you'll have a choice of novice or expert configuration, as shown in . FIGURE 19.7 The fetchmailconf tool is a graphical interface to setting up email retrieval service on your system, and offers novice and expert settings. Configuring Linux Runlevels with the tksysv Tool The tksysv tool, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the tksysv command, is a graphical interface to configuring what services you'd like to start or stop during each Linux runlevel (see for more information about how Red Hat Linux uses runlevels). Click the tksysv tool button in the control panel or type the command tksysv on the command line; its main dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 19.8. You can add or remove various services from different Red Hat Linux runlevels by selecting a service in a runlevel and then adding, removing, or editing the order in which a service is started for a particular runlevel. FIGURE 19.8 The tksysv tool is a handy interface to customizing system services for Linux. Checking Runlevels with the chkconfig Command Another handy Red Hat tool you can use in conjunction with tksysv is the chkconfig command. This command, which does not require X, can be used from the command line of your console and reports on the status of the services as shown by tksysv. The chkconfig command can also, like tksysv, add or remove new services, list each service for each runlevel, configure runlevels, or check system services. For example, to see the current state of your system and which services are started or stopped for each runlevel, use the chkconfig --list option: # chkconfig --list amd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off apmd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off arpwatch 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off atd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off autofs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off named 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off bootparamd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off keytable 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off syslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off netfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off random 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off xfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off dhcpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off gated 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off gpm 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off innd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:off 6:off pcmcia 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off linuxconf 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off mars-nwe 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off mcserv 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off inet 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nscd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off portmap 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off postgresql 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off sound 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:off 6:off routed 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rstatd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rusersd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rwalld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rwhod 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off smb 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off sendmail 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off squid 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off snmpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off xntpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ypbind 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off yppasswdd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ypserv 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off As you can see, chkconfig reports on more than 40 different system services. You can also use chkconfig to start, stop, or reassign services for each runlevel. Caution - Don't reconfigure your system's services indiscriminately! Make sure you know what you're doing before using the chkconfig, tksysv, or ntsysv (discussed later) commands! Stopping your services or reconfiguring them to incorrect runlevels might render your system unusable. Definitely read before using these commands. Also make sure to read the documentation or man pages for each service before configuring your runlevels. Setting the Time and Date with the timetool Command The timetool command, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as timetool, is a graphical interface to setting your system's date and time. If you click the Timetool button in the control panel or type the command timetool on the command line (perhaps also using '&' to start the client separately), its main dialog box appears (see Figure 19.9). FIGURE 19.9 The timetool client is a graphical interface to setting your system's date and time. Note that this command is different from the timeconfig command, which is used to set your system's time zone during installation of Red Hat Linux. Note - If you're not on a network and don't use the rdate command or timed server to set your system's time, you can use the hwclock command to set the system and hardware clock of your computer. Configuring Your Printers with the Printtool Client The Printtool client, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the printtool command, is a graphical interface to installing or configuring printers for Linux. Click the Printtool button in the control panel or type the command printtool on the command line, and its main dialog box appears. To start configuring a printer, click the Add button, and you'll see a dialog, as shown in Figure 16.1 in Be sure to read Chapter 16 for more complete information on using this client. Configuring Network Devices with the netcfg Tool The netcfg tool, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the netcfg command, is a graphical interface to managing critical network information for your system. If you click the netcfg tool button in the control panel or type the command netcfg on the command line, its main dialog box appears (see ). FIGURE 19.10 The netcfg tool is a graphical interface to configuring and managing your system's network information and services. You can use netcfg to assign your system's hostname and domain, to specify the addresses of your system's Domain Name servers (for more information about DNS, see Chapter 11, "The Domain Name Service"), and to add other hosts on a local or remote network to your system's /etc/hosts file. This tool also sets up or configures network interfaces such as Point-to-Point Protocol, Serial-line Interface Protocol, Parallel-line Interface Protocol, Ethernet, or others. Note - Want to know more about using netcfg? See Chapter 17, "TCP/IP Network Management," for more details about setting up interfaces for PLIP or ethernet networks. To learn more about using netcfg for setting up PPP or SLIP, see Getting Help with the helptool Client The helptool client, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as helptool, can be used by all users (not just the root operator) to search the Linux file system for documentation, manual pages, or GNU info files related to entered queries. If you click the Help Tool button in the control panel or type the command helptool on the command line, its main dialog box appears. The dialog box shown in Figure 19.11 displays the results for a search on the phrase apropos. FIGURE 19.11 helptool is a graphical query interface to searching your system for information documents, and may be configured to search specific local directories or even remote mounted file-systems. You can also configure the helptool client to search for random documents, GNU info files, or system manual pages. Click the helptool's Configure button, and you can tell helptool where to search for documents on your system (or other mounted filesystems). To use helptool, enter a command name or phrase into the Search field and click the Search button. If related documents are found, you can double-click a listed document to display the document in a new window. If you double-click a man page, the new window uses the man command to show the document. If you double-click a GNU info file, the new window uses the info command. Note - You can also build your own command-line search routines by combining the output of the find, xargs and fgrep commands. For example, to search for the word apropos and then print each file and the line in which the word appears, build a command line like this: # find /usr/doc/HOWTO | xargs fgrep -n apropos Configuring Your Linux Kernel with the kernelcfg Tool The kernelcfg tool, also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the kernelcfg command, is a graphical interface to the kerneld daemon and several Linux kernel module commands, such as init, lsmod, insmod, or rmmod. If you click the kernelcfg tool button in the control panel or type the command kernelcfg on the command line, its main dialog box appears. Click the Add button and then click a module type to load different modules, as shown in . FIGURE 19.12 The kernelcfg client is a graphical interface to loading or unloading modules from your Linux kernel. Note - For more detailed information about using the kernelcfg tool, or for instructions on how to build and install kernel code modules or even compile a new Linux kernel, see Chapter 28, "Configuring and Building Kernels." Creating /dev/modem with the modemtool Client The modemtool client, a simple tool also available from the command line of an X terminal window as the modemtool command, creates a symbolic link called /dev/modem that points to your modem's serial port. If you click the modemtool button in the control panel or type the command modemtool on the command line, its main dialog box appears (see Figure 19.13). FIGURE 19.13 The modemtool client is a graphical tool used to create a symbolic link for your system's modem. Note - You can use the ln command (as root) to create this symbolic link. Once you've determined the serial used by your modem (using COM1 as an example), create the link like this: # ln -s /dev/ttyS0 /dev/modem Red Hat® Linux 6 Unleashed
Chapter 19: Red Hat Graphical Administration Tools Previous
Sections in this Chapter: Organization of the Red Hat Filesystem Using Red Hat's setup Command The Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) Using the linuxconf Command Red Hat Tools Previous SectionNext Section © Copyright Macmillan USA. All rights reserved. |